What Causes Bleeding Gums? Causes & Treatment

Bleeding gums are a common dental issue many people experience at some point. While it can be alarming to see blood when brushing or flossing, it’s essential to understand that bleeding gums often indicate an underlying issue. Let’s explore the common causes of bleeding gums and discuss effective treatments to maintain healthy oral hygiene.

Causes of Bleeding Gums

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease that occurs when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, accumulates on the teeth and along the gumline. Plaque irritates the gums, in turn causing inflammation and bleeding. However, gingivitis is reversible with proper oral care.

Practicing good oral hygiene, including regular flossing, brushing, and professional teeth cleanings, is essential to treat gingivitis. Dentists may also recommend antiseptic mouthwash and guide on maintaining healthy gums.

Periodontitis

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can become a more severe condition known as periodontitis. In periodontitis, the infection and inflammation spread deeper into the supporting structures of the teeth, leading to bleeding gums, gum recession, and even tooth loss.

Periodontitis requires extensive treatment, including a deep cleaning procedure to remove plaque and tartar from below the gum line. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to repair damaged tissue and bone.

Medications

Medications, such as blood thinners and anticoagulants, may increase the risk of bleeding gums. These medications reduce the blood’s ability to clot, making it easier for gums to bleed, especially during dental procedures or vigorous brushing and flossing.

Consult your healthcare provider if you’re taking medications that contribute to bleeding gums. They may adjust your medication or recommend specific dental precautions to minimize bleeding.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause, can affect gum health. Increased hormone levels can make gums more susceptible to irritation and inflammation, leading to bleeding.

Maintaining good oral hygiene and having regular dental check-ups are crucial during hormonal changes. Dentists may recommend special toothpaste or mouthwash to help reduce gum sensitivity.

Poor Diet

A diet lacking essential nutrients, particularly vitamin C, can lead to gum problems. Vitamin C deficiency can result in scurvy, a condition characterized by weak and bleeding gums.

To combat gum problems caused by poor nutrition, ensure your diet includes plenty of fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C. If needed, take supplements as directed by a healthcare professional.

Smoking

Tobacco use, including smoking and chewing tobacco, harms oral health. Smoking irritates the gums, reduces blood flow, and impairs the body’s ability to fight infection, increasing the risk of bleeding gums.

Quitting smoking is the most effective way to improve oral health.

Bleeding gums can indicate various underlying issues, from minor gum irritation to more severe gum disease. Understanding the causes and seeking appropriate treatment is essential for maintaining healthy gums and teeth. Adopting proper oral hygiene practices, visiting your dentist regularly, and addressing any contributing factors can keep your gums in optimal condition and enjoy a lifetime of healthy smiles.